#include <Servo.h>
int servoPin = 3;
Servo Servo1;
void setup() {
Servo1.attach(servoPin);
}
void loop(){
Servo1.write(0);
delay(1000);
Servo1.write(90);
delay(1000);
Servo1.write(180);
delay(1000);
}
Code: void setup() { pinMode(2, INPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
if (digitalRead(2) == HIGH)Serial.println("Sensor is touched");
delay(500);
}Stepper Motor:
1x Arduino Uno board
1x Stepper Motor
1x Stepper Driver
2x Resistor
9x Jumpers
Code:
#include <Stepper.h> //including stepper motor library
int stepIN1Pin = 8;
int stepIN2Pin = 9;
int stepIN3Pin = 10;
int stepIN4Pin = 11;
int stepsPerRevolution = 2048; // amount of steps per revolution
const int button1Pin = 2; // pushbutton 1 pin for clockwise rotation
const int button2Pin = 3; // pushbutton 2 pin for counter clockwise rotation
Stepper myStepper(stepsPerRevolution, stepIN1Pin, stepIN3Pin, stepIN2Pin, stepIN4Pin);
void setup() {
pinMode(button1Pin, INPUT);
pinMode(button2Pin, INPUT);
myStepper.setSpeed(15);
}
void loop() {
int button1State, button2State;
button1State = digitalRead(button1Pin);
button2State = digitalRead(button2Pin);
if (((button1State == LOW) && !(button2State == LOW))) // if we're pushing button 1 OR button 2
myStepper.step(stepsPerRevolution/8);
if (((button2State == LOW) && !(button1State == LOW))) // if we're pushing button 1 OR button 2
myStepper.step(-stepsPerRevolution/8);
}
W3: PWN and Transistors. Fades, Voltage Dividers:
Fades:
W2: Resistors, Serial Communication
Potentiometer:
A potentiometer is a knob that provides a variable resistance as an analog value. The value controls the rate at which an LED blinks.
1x Arduino Uno
1x Breadboard
4x Jumpers
1x Potentiometer
1x Resistor
1x LED
int potPin = 2; // select the input pin for the potentiometer
int ledPin = 13; // select the pin for the LED
int val = 0; // variable to store the value coming from the sensor
void setup() {
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // declare the ledPin as an OUTPUT
}
void loop() {
val = analogRead(potPin); // read the value from the sensor
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); // turn the ledPin on
delay(val); // stop the program for some time
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); // turn the ledPin off
delay(val); // stop the program for some time
}
Light Depedent Resistors:
Photocells are light-sensitive, variable resistors. As more light shines of the sensor’s head, the resistance between its two terminals decreases. Used in ambient-light sensing.
In pitch-black conditions, the photocell’s resistance will be in the megaohm’s (1.0MΩ+) range. Shining an LED on the sensor can drop the resistance to near-zero, but usually the resistance of the photocell falls between 8-20kΩ in normal lighting conditions.
By combining the photocell with a static resistor to create a voltage divider, you can produce a variable voltage that can be read by a microcontroller's analog-to-digital converter.
Photocell that switches on an LED in darkness and turns it off when exposed to light:
Code: const int sensorPin = 0; const int ledPin = 9; int lightCal; int lightVal;
void setup() { pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); lightCal = analogRead(sensorPin); } void loop() { lightVal = analogRead(sensorPin); if (lightVal < lightCal - 50) { digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); } else { digitalWrite (ledPin, LOW) } }
TMP36 Temperature Sensor:
5V Arduino - connecting directly to Analog pin:"Voltage at pin in milliVolts = (reading from ADC) * (5000/1024)
This formula converts the number 0-1023 from the ADC into 0-5000mV (= 5V)3.3V Arduino:
Voltage at pin in milliVolts = (reading from ADC) * (3300/1024)
This formula converts the number 0-1023 from the ADC into 0-3300mV (= 3.3V)Convert millivolts into temperature:
Centigrade temperature = [(analog voltage in mV) - 500] / 10" - https://learn.adafruit.com/tmp36-temperature-sensor/using-a-temp-sensor
Code: int sensorPin = 0; void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); } void loop() { int reading = analogRead(sensorPin); float voltage = reading * 5.0; voltage /= 1024.0; Serial.print(voltage); Serial.println(" volts"); float temperatureC = (voltage - 0.5) * 100 ; Serial.print(temperatureC); Serial.println(" degrees C"); float temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0 / 5.0) + 32.0; Serial.print(temperatureF); Serial.println(" degrees F"); delay(1000); }
void setup() {
pinMode(13, OUTPUT); //setup pin 13 as an output
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH outputs 5V)
delay(500); // wait for 500 milliseconds
digitalWrite(13, LOW); // turn the LED off (LOW outputs 0V)
delay(500); // wait for 500 milliseconds
}5x pushbuttons
1x Blue led
1x Yellow led
1x Red led
1x Green Led
4x 1k resistors
4x 10k resistors
10x jumpers
1x Arduino Uno
When the button attached to A4 pin is pressed a sequence is generated and the software wait for the same sequence. If the two sequence are different the LEDs will blink for three times very fast otherwise the sequence is correct. If the sequence is correct the game goes ahead and the difficulty and velocity are incremented.
The two sequence are stored in two vectors and compared.
Code:
const int MAX_LEVEL = 100;
int sequence[MAX_LEVEL];
int your_sequence[MAX_LEVEL];
int level = 1;
int velocity = 1000;
void setup() {
pinMode(A0, INPUT);
pinMode(A1, INPUT);
pinMode(A2, INPUT);
pinMode(A3, INPUT);
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
pinMode(5, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
}
void loop()
{
if (level == 1)
generate_sequence();//generate a sequence;
if (digitalRead(A4) == LOW || level != 1) //If start button is pressed or you're winning
{
show_sequence(); //show the sequence
get_sequence(); //wait for your sequence
}
}
void show_sequence()
{
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
for (int i = 0; i < level; i++)
{
digitalWrite(sequence[i], HIGH);
delay(velocity);
digitalWrite(sequence[i], LOW);
delay(200);
}
}
void get_sequence()
{
int flag = 0; //this flag indicates if the sequence is correct
for (int i = 0; i < level; i++)
{
flag = 0;
while(flag == 0)
{
if (digitalRead(A0) == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
your_sequence[i] = 5;
flag = 1;
delay(200);
if (your_sequence[i] != sequence[i])
{
wrong_sequence();
return;
}
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
}
if (digitalRead(A1) == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
your_sequence[i] = 4;
flag = 1;
delay(200);
if (your_sequence[i] != sequence[i])
{
wrong_sequence();
return;
}
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
}
if (digitalRead(A2) == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
your_sequence[i] = 3;
flag = 1;
delay(200);
if (your_sequence[i] != sequence[i])
{
wrong_sequence();
return;
}
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
}
if (digitalRead(A3) == LOW)
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
your_sequence[i] = 2;
flag = 1;
delay(200);
if (your_sequence[i] != sequence[i])
{
wrong_sequence();
return;
}
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
}
}
}
right_sequence();
}
void generate_sequence()
{
randomSeed(millis()); //in this way is really random!!!
for (int i = 0; i < MAX_LEVEL; i++)
{
sequence[i] = random(2,6);
}
}
void wrong_sequence()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
delay(250);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
delay(250);
}
level = 1;
velocity = 1000;
}
void right_sequence()
{
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
delay(250);
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(3, HIGH);
digitalWrite(4, HIGH);
digitalWrite(5, HIGH);
delay(500);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
delay(500);
if (level < MAX_LEVEL);
level++;
velocity -= 50; //increase difficulty
}